WEBJan 1, 2019 · Coal mining is usually associated with the degradation of natural resources and the destruction of habitat. This causes invasive species to occupy the area, thus posing a threat to biodiversity.
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WEBMay 15, 2024 · Details. Justice Katakey was appointed by the High Court of Meghalaya to investigate and recommend measures for environmental restoration following the ban on rathole coal mining. His role involves overseeing compliance with directives from higher courts, including the Supreme Court and the National Green Tribunal.
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WEBJan 20, 2024 · Land Degradation: Rathole mining results in erosion of topsoil. This leaves a large tract of land scarred and barren. Air Pollution: Rathole mines, usually, lack proper ventilation. Also, by making coal available, it promotes coal burning. All these exacerbate the problem of air pollution.
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WEBNov 3, 2023 · Methods of Sand Mining. Riverbed Mining: This is the most common form of sand mining and involves the extraction of sand directly from riverbeds and floodplains. It often leads to the erosion of riverbanks and can have a significant impact on river ecosystems. Beach Mining: Sand is often mined from beaches, especially in coastal .
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WEBMay 13, 2021 · Bauxite Distribution (Mining Centres) in India. Orissa –. Orissa is the largest producer, which produces about 50% of the total bauxite production of the country. The main bauxite belt is in Kalahandi, Koraput, and Baragarh districts. This is the largest bauxitebearing region of the country. This 300 km long, 40 to 100 km wide and 950 to ...
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WEBMar 5, 2024 · Iron Ore. Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be extracted.; India has large iron ore reserves. It occurs in various geological formations but major economic deposits are found in volcanosedimentary Banded Iron Formation (BIF) from the Precambrian age.; Magnetite is the finest iron ore with a very high content of .
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WEBShale oil extraction methods: Mined shale oils are transported to the processing plants, heated to 500 O C, and oil comes out from these rocks. Situ technique: Oil shale is broken by explosion and Kerogen comes out like crude oil from these rocks. Negative Consequences by using the Shale Gas: It requires large amounts of water, on an .
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WEBCommercial mining allows the private sector to mine coal commercially without placing any enduse restrictions. The private firms have the option of either gasifiion of the coal or exporting it. They can also use it in their own enduse plants or sell them in the markets. The government expects more than Rs 33,000 crore of capital ...
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WEBJan 21, 2024 · A3: UPSC NCERT notes on Geography cover various types of mineral resources, including metallic minerals (like iron, copper, and gold), nonmetallic minerals (such as limestone and gypsum), and energy resources like coal, petroleum, and natural gas. The notes provide insights into their occurrence, extraction methods, and .
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WEBJun 3, 2024 · This process increases the carbon content of the coal, making it burn more efficiently and cleanly. Despite its benefits, coal washing is costly and adds to the overall expense of power generation. Coal Gasifiion: Coal gasifiion converts coal into a gas before it is burned, bypassing the need for direct combustion.
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WEBShale Gas refers to the natural gas that is trapped within shale formations. Lately Shale gas has become an important source of fuel in the United States and the rest of the world itself has taken interest in the shale formations within their geographical boundaries. For more details on the exam conducted by UPSC, candidates can visit the link ...
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WEBSep 15, 2022 · Mining is the extraction of minerals and other geological materials of economic value from deposits on the earth. Mining has the potential to have severely adverse effects on the environment including loss of biodiversity, erosion, contamination of surface water, ground water, and soil. Effects of Mining on Environment Bad mining .
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WEBCoal liquefaction. Coal liquefaction is a process of converting coal into liquid hydrocarbons: liquid fuels and petrochemicals. This process is often known as "Coal to X" or "Carbon to X", where X can be many different hydrocarbonbased products. However, the most common process chain is "Coal to Liquid Fuels" (CTL).
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WEBJul 22, 2023 · India's Scope in Mining Sector: India ranks 4th globally in terms of iron ore production and is the world's 2nd largest coal producer as of 2021. Combined Aluminium production (primary and secondary) in India stood at MT per annum in FY21 becoming the 2nd largest in the world.
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WEBMar 12, 2020. The Mineral Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2020 was introduced in Lok Sabha on March 2, 2020. The Bill amends the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR Act) and the Coal Mines (Special Provisions) Act, 2015 (CMSP Act). An Ordinance with similar provisions was promulgated on January 10, 2020.
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WEBNov 19, 2021 · The process requires around 5 to 9 million litres of water per extraction activity, posing a daunting challenge to India's fresh water resources. Tight Oil. Definition: Tight oil is light crude oil contained in petroleumbearing formations of low permeability, often shale or tight sandstone. Production:
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WEBFeb 9, 2022 · The process involves gasifiion of coal, which in turn will produce synthetic gas (a mix of CO+H2). The synthetic gas can be liquefied to its fuel equivalent in presence of cobalt/ironbased alysts at higher pressure and temperature. However, liquefied coal emits twice as much CO2 as burning oil. It also emits a large volume of SO2.
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WEBJul 31, 2023 · Environmental Impact Assessment, commonly known as EIA, is a significant process which evaluates the potential environmental impliions of a proposed development. The EIA process not only assesses the environmental consequences, but it also takes into account the interconnected socioeconomic, cultural, and health impacts.
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WEBFeb 17, 2024 · Coal gasifiion is a thermochemical process that converts coal into a synthesis gas, or "syngas," by reacting coal with oxygen, steam, or a combination of both at high temperatures and pressures. Process: Coal Preparation: Before gasifiion, coal undergoes preparation to remove impurities such as sulfur, ash, and moisture, which can ...
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WEBMar 1, 2024 · The Nagaland Coal mining policy, established in 2006, permits rathole mining due to the stered nature of coal deposits, making largescale operations unfeasible. Rathole mining is a method of extracting coal from narrow horizontal tunnels or ratholes, which are often dug by hand and are prone to accidents and environmental .
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