WEBFeb 15, 2024 · Based on the multistage liquefaction process, asphaltene was prepared from Hongliulin coal and deeply liquefied with NiCoMo, CoMo, and Fe2 O 3 alysts. The yields of each component were obtained. Ultimate analysis, FTIR and XPS was used to investigate the conversion of oxygenic structure. The results showed that the ability .
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WEBNov 1, 2022 · The cofeeding of coal and biomass and integrating high and lowtemperature processes can significantly improve the environmental performance of ICL [21], [22]. Coal to fuel ethanol (CTFE) is considered a promising substitute for gasoline in vehicles, but its environmental performances are much worse than those of fuel .
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WEBBiomass is often referred to as a carbon–neutral energy source, and it has a role in reducing fossil fuel depletion. In addition, biomass can be converted efficiently into various forms of biofuels. The biomass conversion processes involve several thermochemical, biochemical, and hydrothermal methods for biomass treatment integration. The most .
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WEBNov 15, 2002 · Coal gasifiion is presented in terms of the chemistry of coal conversion and the product gas characteristics, the historical development of coal gasifiers, variations in the types and performance of coal gasifiers, the configuration of gasifiion systems, and the status and economics of coal gasifiion. In many ways, coal gasifiion .
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WEBDOI: / Corpus ID: ; Thermal, hydrothermal liquefaction, and electromagnetic processes for biomass conversion article{Quitain2022ThermalHL, title={Thermal, hydrothermal liquefaction, and electromagnetic processes for biomass conversion}, author={Armando T. Quitain and .
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WEBOct 1, 2021 · The operating cost of the liquefaction process is reported to be similar to fast pyrolysis. However, it requires a higher capital investment due to the difference in biomass conversion and liquefaction pressures. Biomass liquefaction costs range between /gal based on the technology level (Brown, 2019).
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WEBAug 1, 2015 · Thermochemical conversion processes mainly include combustion, pyrolysis, gasifiion, and liquefaction [8], [9], [10], [11].Liquefaction is a lowtemperature (250–400 °C) and highpressure (5–20 MPa) thermochemical process during which the biomass is converted into three products, a biooil fraction (target product), a gas .
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WEBHTL, also called hydrothermal upgrading, hydrothermal processing, and direct liquefaction (Xiu and Shahbazi 2012), is a thermochemical process that allows the conversion of biomass to liquids, generally carried out in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of a solvent, most of the times water. The fact that water is both solvent and ...
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WEBNov 1, 2022 · The cofeeding of coal and biomass and integrating high and lowtemperature processes can significantly improve the environmental performance of ICL [21], [22]. Coal to fuel ethanol (CTFE) is considered a promising substitute for gasoline in vehicles, but its environmental performances are much worse than those of fuel .
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WEBApr 27, 2020 · A comprehensive model of thermal conversion as a function of temperature, pressure and heating rate of biomass has been provided. For the most important, basic process, which is pyrolysis, five mechanisms of thermal decomposition kinetics of its components (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose) were presented.
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WEBJul 1, 1990 · Mechanism of hydrogen transfer and role of solvent during heatingup stage of direct coal liquefaction. Fuel Processing ... Kinetics and activation energy of solvent swelling of coal altered by an ultrasoniionenhanced process. Korean Journal ... Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion. .
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WEBDec 1, 2014 · The environmental footprint of coal liquefaction processes can usually be reduced by coprocessing coal and biomass and applying CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) technology but at the cost of higher ...
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WEBDCL technology was invented by Friedrich Bergius in 1913. This technology directly produces liquid fuels from coal with the basic process that dissolves coal at high temperature and pressure and adds hydrogen to increase the hydrogen content [11]. DCL is the most efficient technology among the three current technologies.
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WEBNov 1, 2017 · Coliquefaction technology of coal and biomass waste in preparation of oil has gained rapid increase in research interest [5]. Previous studies suggested a few benefits of the process. Firstly, the process can make use of hydrogen in biomass completely and thus reducing the hydrogen consumption and moderating the conditions .
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WEBAug 1, 2022 · The conversion routes of biomass are mainly summarized in Fig. biochemical conversion has been widely used for the production of biogas and ethanol fuel [18, 19], our article focuses on the thermochemical conversion routes in particular pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction and gasifiion as these processes .
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WEBAug 19, 2020 · The main objective of this paper is to carry out a techno‐economic evaluation for the direct coal liquefaction (DCL) process based on the two primary conversion options under consideration: (a) alytic coal liquefaction (CCL) – the use of non‐donor solvents with added hydrogen pressure and (b) thermal coal liquefaction .
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WEBAug 11, 2021 · Hydrothermal liquefaction is one of the common thermochemical conversion methods adapted to convert highwater content biomass feedstocks to biofuels and many other valuable industrial chemicals. The hydrothermal process is broadly classified into carbonization, liquefaction, and gasifiion with hydrothermal .
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WEBDue to insecurity in the crude oil supply and global warming, various alternative technologies for fuel production are being investigated. In this project, indirect, direct, and hybrid liquefaction routes are investigated for production of transportation fuels from coal and biomass. Indirect coal liquefaction (ICL) and direct coal liquefaction (DCL) .
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WEBDec 1, 2020 · Generally, biomass gasifiion is an endothermic thermochemical conversion of solid biomass fuel using gasifying agents such as air, steam or CO 2 to form a mixture of combustible gases which may include H 2, CH 4, CO and CO 2. The process is carried out at temperatures between 800 and 1300°C.
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WEBNov 8, 2023 · Liquefaction is one of the several technologies available for biomass conversion, alongside processes like pyrolysis, gasifiion, and fermentation. The liquefaction process involves heating the biomass feedstock in the presence of a solvent or a alyst to break down the complex organic molecules into simpler, liquid .
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WEBDec 31, 1995 · A major thrust of our research program is the use of waste materials as coliquefaction agents for the firststage conversion of coal to liquid fuels. By fulfilling one or more of the roles of an expensive solvent in the direct coal liquefaction (DCL) process, the waste material is disposed off exlandfill, and may improve the overall economics ...
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WEBOct 1, 2013 · Liquefaction of coal is a process whereby the macromolecular structure of coal is broken down by the addition of a solvent under moderate temperature and pressure to produce clean liquid fuels [1 ...
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WEBMay 1, 1999 · An overview of conversion of residues from coal liquefaction processes. S. Khare M. Dell'amico. Environmental Science, Chemistry. 2013. Direct coal liquefaction (DCL) is a process for converting coal to synthetic oils, which can be refined to make transportation fuels. Residue from this process contains inorganic material such as..
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WEBThis better knowledge of coal should make a significant longterm contribution to advanced coal conversion technology. Download Free PDF View ... Indirect liquefaction process coal is liquefied through the Fischer– Tropsch (FTS) process. ... Power 148:42–50 Vamvuka D, Zografos D, Alevizos G (2008) Control methods for mitigating biomass ash ...
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WEBIndirect liquefaction processes require first gasifying the solid feedstocks into a syngas. Therefore, while direct coal liquefaction (DCL) takes coal directly into a liquid phase, indirect coal liquefaction (ICL) consists of two major steps: (a) gasifiion to produce a synthesis gas (syngas); and (b) conversion of the carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen .
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WEBApr 1, 2018 · As part of an ongoing project at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany, this work examines the liquefaction of varying feedstocks under conditions of the Bergius process of direct coal liquefaction by high pressure heterogeneous alytic this process onto renewable resources like lignin and lignin .
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WEBDec 1, 2016 · Coal Conversion Processes. December 2016. DOI: / In book: KirkOthmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Authors: James G. Speight. To read the full ...
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WEBMar 23, 2022 · Thermochemical conversion to produce liquid yield using biomass as a feedstock still facing constraints to directly use the produced biooil. High oxygenated compounds of biooil seek an upgrading process to enhance the quality. However, a number of upgrading processes can be considered to enhance the oil's quality.
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WEBJul 18, 2017 · For the most highly developed processes, coal conversion can be as high as 90% on a mineral ash free basis, with a C 5+ distillate yield up to 75% and hydrogen consumption of 5–7%wt. When an external alyst is used, it is typically some combination of cobalt, nickel, and molybdenum on a solid acid support such as silicaalumina [].DCL .
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WEBNov 1, 2011 · Several experimental studies have been conducted for coprocessing coal and biomass using direct liquefaction processes [10,20,21], but those processes have been barely modeled at either equipment ...
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WEBReason for Discussion of Direct Liquefaction of Coals in Gasifipedia As the follow chat of Direkter Coal Liquefaction (DCL) explains, the fundamental procedure approach of DCL does not involve gasifiion at all. Therefore it would seem to live entirely leave of scope regarding Gasifipedia. However, the following considerations require this discussion of .
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WEBJan 15, 2023 · There are many liquefaction processes related to DCLS [26], [29], [31], [108], [109]. Several typical or highly referential liquefaction processes that have been reported are selected in this paper for introduction. As an illustration, a flow diagram of coal liquefaction process using syngas was proposed by Fu et al. [29], as shown in Fig. 14.
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